neoFroxx® Glycine for Analysis, CAS: 56-40-6

A non-essential amino acid that is an inhibitory neurotransmitter; Used as a buffer and reagent in organic chemistry; [Merck Index] Used in biochemical research, as a chicken feed additive, to retard rancidity in animal and vegetable oils, as a medication, and nutrient; [HSDB] Used as a flavoring agent and nutritional supplement; [FDA]

Merck Index - O'Neil MJ, Heckelman PE, Dobbelaar PH, Roman KJ (eds). The Merck Index, An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals, 15th Ed. Cambridge, UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013.

Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

In the CNS, there exist strychnine-sensitive glycine binding sites as well as strychnine-insensitive glycine binding sites. The strychnine-insensitive glycine-binding site is located on the NMDA receptor complex. The strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor complex is comprised of a chloride channel and is a member of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. The putative antispastic activity of supplemental glycine could be mediated by glycine's binding to strychnine-sensitive binding sites in the spinal cord. This would result in increased chloride conductance and consequent enhancement of inhibitory neurotransmission. The ability of glycine to potentiate NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission raised the possibility of its use in the management of neuroleptic-resistant negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Animal studies indicate that supplemental glycine protects against endotoxin-induced lethality, hypoxia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, and D-galactosamine-mediated liver injury. Neutrophils are thought to participate in these pathologic processes via invasion of tissue and releasing such reactive oxygen species as superoxide. In vitro studies have shown that neutrophils contain a glycine-gated chloride channel that can attenuate increases in intracellular calcium and diminsh neutrophil oxidant production. This research is ealy-stage, but suggests that supplementary glycine may turn out to be useful in processes where neutrophil infiltration contributes to toxicity, such as ARDS.

DrugBank

HYPERPOLARIZATION OF MOTONEURONS PRODUCED BY IONTOPHORETIC APPLICATION OF GLYCINE IS RELATIVELY TRANSIENT BUT APPROACHES THE EQUILIBRIUM POTENTIAL FOR THE INDIRECTLY ACTIVATED INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIALTESTS WITH GABAINDICATE SIMILAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS & SIMILAR INCR IN CL- CONDUCTANCE.

Gilman, A. G., L. S. Goodman, and A. Gilman. (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1980., p. 247

Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

MAJOR EVIDENCE THAT FAVORS GLYCINE AS MEDIATOR OF INTRASPINAL POSTSYNAPTIC INHIBITION IS THE SELECTIVE ANTAGONISM OF ITS EFFECTS BY STRYCHNINE. GLYCINE ALSO APPEARS TO BE MOST LIKELY TRANSMITTER FOR INHIBITORY INTERNEURONS IN RETICULAR FORMATION BUT NOT IN CUNEATE NUCLEUS.

Gilman, A. G., L. S. Goodman, and A. Gilman. (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1980., p. 247

Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)